अल्लो ,चाल्ने सिस्नु

cNnf] , rfNg] l;:g]_

 a}1flgs gfd M  Girardinia Diversifolia (link) Fris

g]kfnL gfd M       cNnf], rfNg] l;:g, eª\uf] ,l:g' , n]sfnL l;:g', x'nf]l;Lg', Pnn' l;Lg'

:yfgLo gfdM      k'df -u?ª_ ,n'Fs –g]jf/L,kf]tfn] /fO{,Nxf] z]kf{ , kfn] ;'g'jf/ ,kRbf/ tfdfª,lj5jf lxGlb,a[lZrsf ;+:s't HImalayan neetle( c+u|]lh

kl/ro M

       cNnf] emf/ au{df kg]{ ax'a;L{of ag:klt xf] . o;sf] af]6 @–# ld6/;Dd cUnf] x'G5 . o;sf] kft tyf 8f“7 dl;gf em'; -sf“8f_ n] 9flsPsf x'G5g\ . 5f]Pdf kf]Nb5 . e]6\g' *–!& ;]=ld ;Dd nfd]f ltvf] kf]Ng] em';] sf“8fn] 9flsPsf x'G5g\ . osf] kft xft cfsf/sf] $–% efudf ljeQm /x]sf] x'G5 . kftsf] nDafO{ !)–#% ;]=ld nfdf] x'G5 eg] rf}8fO{ nDafO{ eGbf a9L x'G5 . k|To]s v08 dfnfsf/ r'Rrf] 6'Kkf ePsf] lsgf/f s/f}“ltsf] bf“t h:tf] x'G5 . kftsf] km]baf6 ltga6f g;fx? lgl:sPsf x'G5g\ o;df] kmn ;fg]f, nfdf] xl/of] jf ;]tf] /+usf] x'G5  / 6'Kkfdf sfvLaf6 kNxfPsf] xf“ufdf kmNb5 . kf]yL kmn !% ;]dL nfdf] / sf“8f ePsf] x'G5 . efn] kmndf w]/} xf“uf x'G5 . km'nx? 8fnfdf k'mNb5g\ .

o;sf] km'n c;f/b]lv ebf} dlxgf;Dddf kmNb5 . eb}b]lv sflQsdf kmn nfUb5 .

af;:yfg M

cNnf] -!#,))_ Ps xhf/ ltg ;o b]lv -#),))_ ltg xhf/ ld6/;ddsf] prfO{df kfOG5 . of] vf;u/L cf]l;nf],;]lknf],lr:ofgo'Qm vfnL hUuf tyf vf]N;fdf  kfOG5 . k|fs[lts ?kdf of] lrnfpg] , s6';sf] h+unsf] ;fy} u'/f“;  af“emsf] h+undf kfOG5 . ljz]]if ul/ o;sf emf“8Lx? kmfl8Psf] h+unsf] v'Nnf 7fp“df kfOG5g\ .

       k'jL{ ,dWo / klZrd g]kfndf, kfls:tfg  ef/t_ sflZd/b]lv cf;d;Dd_ , e'6fg, adf{ k"jL{ / Do rLg >Ln+sf / blIf0f–k'jL{ PlZfofnfO{ o;sf] pb\u:yn dflgG5 .

k|of]u ÷ pkof]u M

        of] /]zfbf/ ag:klt ePsf]n]  af]qfaf6 /]zf lhsfnL sk8f tyf cGo x:tsnfsf ;fdfgx? agfpg k|of]u ul/G5 .

:yflgo ?kdf gfDn]f, bfDn], 8f]/L,af]/f df5f dfg]{  hfn cflb agfpg k|of]u  x'G5 . t/ cfhsfn o;sf] /]zfaf6 laleGg ls;Ldsf cfsif{s a:t'x? h:t} , emf]nf , un}rf, 6f]kL , ?dfn, rs6L l;/fgLsf] vf]n , km]6f,vf:6f] ,Hofs]6 , h'Qmf, 6]a'nkf];, Anfª\s]6x?  cflb agfO{ laqmL ljt/0f x'G5 . k|fs[lts ?kdf ag]sf] x'bf xfn lab]lzx?df o;sf] 7'nf] cfsif{0f 5 . vf;u/L 7d]n -sf7df8f}F_ If]qdf o;df] aofkf/ rn]sf]  kfOG5 . o;sf slnnf d'G6fx?nfO{ t/sf/Lsf] ?kdf klg vfg] rng 5 . o;sf] kftsf] /; 6fpsf] b'Vbf ,lhp, b'v]sf]df, Hj/f]df If]o/f]u tyf lk;fa;DaGwL /f]u;dgsf] nflu k|of]u ul/G5 . o;sf] h/fsf] /; jf d'G6fsf] w'nf] lgoldt ;]jg ugf{n] dw'd]xsf] /f]uLnfO{ kmfObf ub{5 .

cNnf] ;+sng M

       km"n km"Ng'eGbf cl3sf] ;do o;sf] ;+sngsf nflu pko'Qm dflgG5 . TolTfa]]nf ;+slnt la?jfsf] /]zf ;]tf] / dl;gf] x'G5 t/ kl5 –kl5 uP/ o;sf] u'0f:t/df sdL x'b} hfG5 . o;sf] ;+sng ubf{ k"/} af]6nfO{ sf6]/ ;+sng ug{kb{5 . cNnf] sfl6;s]kl5 agdf g} af]qmf xftn] jf xl;ofn] tf5]/ d'7f agfOG5 . o;n] kf]Ng] ePsf]n] k~hf nufP/ cyjf cNnf]sf] v;|f] sk8f a]/]/ sf6\g] ul/G5 . To;/L agaf6 NofOPsf] sfFrf] cNnf]nfO{  Ps –b'O{  lbg 3fddf ;'sfpg' kb{5 . ;'ls;s]kl5 cNnf]sf]  tf}n 36]/ cfwf x'G5 .

·       sf6\bf w]/} xf“uflauf“ ePsf] cNnf]sf] af]6nfO{ To;} 5fl8lbg' kb{5 .

·       sf6\bf cfwf km'6 –b'O{ km'6eGbf dfly sf6\g] rng eP tfklg hldgaf6 $–^ OGr dly sf6\g'kb{5 o;f] ubf{ csf]{ aif{/fd|f];“u knfp“b5 .

·       tf5\gsf nfuL dflg;n] bf“tsf] k|of]u ub{5g\  t/ o;f]  ubf{ bf“t ef“lrg] 8/ x'G5 To;nfO{ b'Ëfdf lyr]/ klg kf6  lgsfNg ;lsG5 . cNnf]sf] k/Ldf0f w]/} 5 eg] xft]  kf6 lgsfNg] oGqsf\ klg k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5.

cNnf] k|;f]wg M

       s'g} klg a:t'sf] k|zf]wg eGgfn] ;fwf/0ftof z'4Ls/0f k|lqmof4f/f To;nfO{ k|of]u  ug{ ;lsg] agfpg'  eGg] a'emLG5 . cyft{ ;+sngkZrft\  ckgfOg] k|lqmofx? h:t} s'6\g', lk:g] lgkmNg] , :fkmf  ug]{ , ;'sfpg] , yGsfpg] 6'qmf kfg]{ , emf]n agfpg], t]n lgsfNg], ksfpg] ;a}nfO k|zf]wg ?kdf lng' kb{5 . cNnf]sf] k|zf]wg eGgfn] o;sf] /]zf lgsfNg] oGq a'emG5 . o; cGtu{t lgDg sfo{x? kb{5g\

ef8f]df ksfpg] M

       ;+sng u/]sf]  cNnf]nfO{ ksfpg'eGbf cufl8 @–# lbg kflgdf 8'afO{ /fVg'kb{5 / o;nfO{ v/fgL jf sd]/f]df /fv]/ ltg–rf/ 306f;Dd ksfOG5. ksfpFbf % s]hL cNnfdf &–* s]=lh hlt v/fgL /fv]/ tfdfsf]  ef“8f]df ksfpg] rng 5 .  sl/a #–$ 306f;Dd a]:;/L cfuf]df nufP/ ksfPkl5 lbgel/ g} To;nfO{ ef“8f]df To;/L /flvlbg' kb{5 jf ;f“emdf ksfP/ /fte/L /fVg klg ;lsG5 . ;+sng u/]sf] nuQ} ksfp“bf @ 306f  ksfP k'Ug] / w'g klg ;lhnf] x'G5 . v/fgLsf] 7f“pdf sd]/f] /fv]df af]qmf cem g/d x'G5 / /]zfx? Ps–csf{af6 5'l§G5g\ .

\       Ps lsnf]nfO{ k|zf]wg ubf{ !@ lsnf] bfp/f cfj:os kb{5 . ltg9'Ë] r'nf]df tfksf] k|of]u  s]jn !@ k|ltzt dfq x"G5  To;sf/0f k|zf]wg ug{ ;'Wff/LPsf] r'nf] cfjZos x"G5 .

;'wf/LPs]f tl/sf M

       $ k|ltzt ;f]l8od xfO8«f]cS;fO8 / )=% k|ltzt ;f]l8od ;NkmfO8df af]qmfnfO{  8]9–b'O{ 306f  8'afP/ T;nfO{ ksfpg ;lsG5 . o;f] ubf{ bfp/fsf] vkt sd x'g] / /]zf klg ;kmf cfpg]  x'G5 . v/flgsf] 7f“pdf plNn]lvt /;fogLs kbfy{x? k|of]u ubf{ bfp/fsf] vkt $) k|ltzt sd x'G5 .

s'6\g] / w'g] M

       o;/L ksfPsf] cNnf]nfO{ alu/x]sf] kflgdf w'b} sf7sf] d'ª\uf|]n]  s'6\b} ug{'kb{5 . o;sf nflu cNnf] k|zf]wg ug]{ 7f“pdf  nu]/ s'6\b} kfgLdf w'g' kb{5 .  o;sf nflu  cNnf] k|zf]wg ug{] 7f“pdf nu]/ s'6\g' kb{5 . % s]lh  ksfPsf] cNnf]af6 ! s]=lh= dfq /]zfx?  cfp“5 . of] sfo{  ug{ PshgfnfO{ $ 306fhlt nfUb5 .

g/d agfpg], ;kmf ug]{ / /]zf 5'§fpg] M

 w]fP/ ;kmf kfl/Psf]  cNnf]nfO{ wfgsf]  e'; ld;fP/ cfwf lbg hlt 3fddf ;'sfpg' kb{5 . o;n] wfuf]nfO g/d / ;]tf] agp“5 . To;kl5  To;nfO{ km]l/ s'6\b} kfgLdf w'g' kb{5 . wf]O;s]kl5 8]9 lbg;Dd /fd|f];“u  ;'s]sf] cNnf]sf]  /]zfnfO{  xftn] 5'§\ofpg' kb{5 .  % s]= lh cNnf] ksfp“bf  cfPsf] cNnf]nfO{  w'g tyf ;'sfpgsf nflu PshgfnfO{ b'O{ lbg  nfUb5 . o:t} 8]9 lsnf] hlt cNnf]sf] /]zf 5'§\ofpg PshgfnfO{ e08} b'O{ lbg nfub5 .

wfuf] sfTg] M

       k'0f{ ?kdf 5'§\ofOPsf /]zfsf] wfuf] sfTgsf nflu rvf{, n§fO{ jf d]l;gsf] k|of]u ul/G5 . wfuf] sfl6;s]kl5 8Nnf agfOG5 . Ps s]=lh wfuf]df wfuf]sf] df]6fO{ x]/L #%)) b]lv ^))) ld6/;Dd nfdf] x'G5 .

cfjZos ;fdfgM rvf{ jf n§fO{ h;nfO{ 3/df g} agfO{G5 . o;sf] ;§f cfhsn v'§fn] rnfpg rvf{ k|of]u ul/G5 .

       8]9lsnf] /]zfaf6 wfuf] sf6\g rvf{ rnfP Ps hgfn] Ps} lbgdf sf6\g ;lsG5 o;/L agfPsf] cNNff]sf] wfuf]df ljleGg lsl;dsf k|fs[lts /+ux? nufP/ /+ufpg] ul/G5 .

lAnlrª ug]{ M

       wfuf]df ePsf] k|fs[lts of cGo lsl;dsf cz'l4x?nfO{ x6fpg /;folgs kbfy{df wfuf]nfO{ xfn]/ /fVg] sfdnfO lAnlrª elgG5 . o;f] u/]kl5 wfuf] ;]tf] x'G5 . Ps s]=lh wfuf]sf nflu lAnlrª ug]{ 3f]n agfpg @)) u|fd  SoflN;od xfO{k|f]Snf]/fO8, @)) u|fd ;f]l8od afO{sfaf]{g]6  / @) ln6/ kflg rflxG5 . pQm 3f]ndf wfuf]nfO{ @$ 306f lehfO{ To;sf] uGw /x];Dd ;fa'gn] w'g'kb{5 . o;sf] lasNk :j?k @ k|ltzt dgtftf] SoflN;od  xfOk|f]Snf]/fO8sf] 3f]ndf @ 306f;Dd wfuf]nfO{ 8'afP/, To;nfO{ tLgk6s;Dd kfgLdf w'g] / )=))% k|ltzt ;Nkmo'l/s Pl;8sf] 3f]ndf !÷@ 306f;Dd 8'afP/ To;nfO{ kfgLn]  kvfn]/ klg lAnlrË ug{ ;lsG5 . o;f]  u/]kl5 wfuf] cfwf ;]tf] x'G5 . k'/f ;];f] ug{ xfO8f]«hg  k]/f]cS;fO{8sf]  3f]ndf  # 306f;Dd &) l8u|L ;]lN;o;sf] tfkqmddf 8'afpg' kb{5 . ! efu wfuf]nfO{ @) u'0ff a9L 3f]ndf 8'afpg'kb{5 . xfO8f]«hg  k]/f]cS;fO8 / b'O{ efu ;f]l8od l;lns]6 ld;fpg'k{5 . wfuf]nfO{ dfly plNnlvt b'a} t/Lsfn] lAnlrª u/]kl5 wfuf]sf] tf}n 36\b5 .

sk8f a'Gg] M

 sk8f xft] tfgdf jf d]l;gdf a'lGG5 . o;sf] wfuf]df ;'tLsf] wfuf] ld;fP/ ldlxg kf/L  a'Gg] rng klg 5 .

tfgsf uflu cfjZos ;fdu|L M $÷% j6f sf7sf dl;gf] vfdf,kmnfdsf] ;'O/f]  / nÝL .

o;/L agfOPsf] efufaf6 laleGg lsl;dsf] sk8f . 8f]/L tyf cGo x:tsnfsf ;dfgx? agfOG5g\ .

cNnf] v]tL tyf k|zf/0f lalw M

       g]kfndf 3/fo;L k|of]u af laqmLljt/0f ul/g] cNnf] k|fofz M k|fs[lts ?kdf g} ;+sng  ul/G5 t/ xfn  o;sf] v]tL ug]{ sfo{sf] klg z'?cft ePsf]  5. 

aLpaf6 M

o;sf] lap cToGt dl;gf] x'G5 . Ps u|fddf %%) a6f ljpx? x"G5g\ . lapnfO /f]Kg'eGbf cufl8 s8f ;Nko'l/s Pl;8df !& ldg]6;Dd  8'afP/ /f]Kbf () k|ltzt eGbf a9L aLp pdd|G5 . aLpnfO{{ afn'jf;“u  df8]/ klg o;sf] pdf/IfdtfnfO{ a9fpg  ;lsG5 . cGo k|;f/0f lalweGbf of] lalwaf6  k|;f/0f ubf{ la?jfsf] a[l4[b/ clNf l9nf]  xG5 .

 ;sngof]Uo la?jf x'g sl/a ltg  aif{ nfUb5 . k|fls[tLs ?kdf klg aLpaf6 k'g?Tyfg eO/x]sf] kfOG5 . t/, of] cTolws sd x"G5 .

h/fsf] sl6ªaf6 M

hf8f] dlxgfdf ;';'Kt cj:yfsf h/fdWo] 7'nf] h/fnfO{ -h/fdf d'gfx? cfpg 7f“p x'G5g\_ 5fg]/ To;nfO{ ;–;fgf 6'qmfx?df sf6]/ T;;nfO{ g;{/L Aof8df r}t ÷a}zfv dlxgfdf /fv]/ klg k|;f/0f ug{ ;lsG5 , t/, sf08eGbf lapaf6 pd|]sf] la?jf /fd|f] x'G5 . lapx? kfls;s]kl5 ;+sng u/]/ To;nfO{ aiff{tsf] ;dodf To;} 5l/lbbf klg la?jfx? pd|G5g\ . af/Lsf 5]p5fpdf klh Ps –b'Oj6f la?jf eP To;af6 y'k|} la?jfx? pd|G5g\

slnnf d'gfsf] sl6ªaf6 M

8f“7sf] 6'Kkfsf slnnf d'gfx?nfO{ sf6]/ To;nfO{ Aof8df ;f/]/ klg o;sf] k|;f/0f ug{ ;lsG5 . % ;]=ld ;Ddsf d'gfx?nO{{ ;fbf{ /fd|f] glthf k|fKt ePsf] 5. d'gf ;fg]{ sfd a;Gt Ct'sf] z'?cftdf ug'{kb{5 . h/fsf] sl6ªaf6 ;fg]{ ljlweGbf of] s]xL ;dokl5 ul/G5 .

g;{/L Aof8df tof/ u/]sf] cNnf]sf] a]gf{nfO{ tof/L hUufdf aiff{tsf] ;dodf ;fg]{ ul/G5 .

xfjfkfgL / df6f] M

        of] pkf]i0f tyf zLtf]i0f xfjf–kfgLdf kfOg] agLklt xf] . of] lr:ofgo'Qm vfnL hUufdf tyf vf]N;fx?df kfOG5 . glbsf lsgf/f, v'Nnf hUuf, klx/f] klx/f] uPsf] le/fnf] 7f“pdf klg k|z:t ?kdf kfOG5 . of] h:tf];'s} df6f]df kfOg] eP tfklg anf}6] df6f] o;sf] nfuL pkoQm x'G5 . cGgafnLx?sf nfuL cg'ko'Qm hUufdf o;sf] v]lt  ug{ ;lsG5 . of] h+unsf] 5xf/L ePsf] tyf k|z:t k|fËfl/s kbfy{ ePsf] hUufdf /fd|f] x'G5 . pQ/L df]x8f ePsf] hldgdf t'ngfTds ?kdf o;sf] a[4L  /fd|} x'G5 . h/f gpv]nLsg 8f“7dfq sf6\g] xf] eg] k|To]s aif{ o;af6 g} cNnf] knfp“5 / a9\b} hfG5 .

cNnf] v\ltsf cj;/ M

·       /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/

·       cltl/Qm cfDbfgL tyf ljb]zL d'b|fsf] cfDbfgL

·       clwstd e"–pkof]u

·       h}las lalawtf P+a aftfa/0f ;+/If0f

·       k|fs[lts a:t'x?k|lt ljZjf; a9\b} u/]sf] cfif{0f

·       ljZj Aofkf/ ;+u7gdf g]kfnsf] k|j]z

cNnf] v]ltsf r'gf}tLx? M

·       clglZrt ahf/

·       89]nf],ag ljgfz, rl/r/0f

·       laz]if1sf] cefj

·       d"No;DaGwL ;"rgf k|jax /fd|f];“u gx'g' -;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L If]qaf6 d"No;"rLsf] cefa_

·       ;+sns tyf lrof Aofkf/Lx?n] a9L d'gfkmf sdfg'

·       u'0f:t/Lo pTkfbg tyf dfucg';f/sf] pTkfbgdf cefj x'g' .

;fd'bflos agdf cNnf] v]lt M

·       pkef]Qmfsf] cfo:t/ a[l4 ug{ tyf /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ l;h{g ug{ ;xof]u u5{ .\

·       o;sf] a+z ;+/If0fdf of]ubfg x'G5 .

·       ca}1flgs ;+sngnfO{ lg?T;flxt u5{

·       :yflgo pBf]usf] :yfkgf tyf sRrf kbfy{sf] kl/k'lt{ ug{ ;xof]u u5{ .

bLuf] Aoj:yfkg M

cNnf]sf] ;+sng Ohfht lnbf k|lt s]=lh ? # .– sf b/n] /fhZj a'empg' kb{5 . t/, v]tL ul/Psf] hldgaf6 ;+sng ubf{ eg] /fhZj ltg{'kb}g . cAojl:yt / ca}1flgs ;+sngsf sf/0f of] ag:klt k|fs'lts ?kdf sd kfpg yflnPsf] 5 . o;sf] dxTjnfO{ a'emL ;+sngsf sf/0f of] ag:klt  k|
fs[lts ?kdf sd kfpg yflnPsf] 5 . o;sf] dxTjnfO{ a'emL ;+sngsf sf/0f of] ag:klt k|fs[lts ?kdf sd kfpg yflnPsf] 5. o;sf] dxTjnfO{ a'emL  pRr kxf8sf ;fd'bflos ag af v]/ uPsf vf]N;Lx?df o;sf] lbuf] ?kn] Aoj:yfkg ug{ ;lsG5 .